Historical Roots

Bich Dong Pagoda was originally built in 1428 during the reign of King Le Thai To and was expanded in the 18th century by two Buddhist monks, Tri Kien and Tri The. These monks, who were drawn to the spiritual energy of the site, dedicated themselves to turning the natural caves and mountainous terrain into a place of worship. Over the centuries, the pagoda has grown into a revered religious site, attracting pilgrims and tourists alike.

Three-Tiered Pagoda Complex

Bich Dong Pagoda is unique in its architecture, with three separate levels built into the mountainside: the Lower Pagoda (Ha Pagoda), the Middle Pagoda (Trung Pagoda), and the Upper Pagoda (Thuong Pagoda). Each level offers a distinct experience, both spiritually and scenically, as visitors climb higher up the mountain.

• Ha Pagoda (Lower Pagoda): The first pagoda is located at the foot of the mountain, blending seamlessly with its surroundings. It provides a peaceful introduction to the site, with ancient statues and altars dedicated to Buddha. The tranquil atmosphere here sets the tone for the ascent up the mountain.
• Trung Pagoda (Middle Pagoda): After a short climb up stone steps, visitors arrive at the Middle Pagoda, which is partially carved into a natural cave. This pagoda feels like a hidden sanctuary, with a dark, cool interior illuminated by candles and incense. The interplay of light and shadow creates a meditative ambiance, and the sight of Buddhist statues carved directly into the cave walls adds to the sense of timeless spirituality.
• Thuong Pagoda (Upper Pagoda): The highest pagoda requires the most effort to reach, but the reward is well worth it. Located near the summit of the mountain, the Upper Pagoda offers sweeping views of the surrounding landscape. From here, visitors can look out over rice fields, rivers, and towering karst formations. The sense of tranquility and elevation makes this the spiritual pinnacle of the Bich Dong experience.

Natural Beauty

One of the most captivating features of Bich Dong Pagoda is its seamless integration into the natural environment. The limestone mountains that surround the pagoda are part of the greater Trang An Landscape Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for its stunning karst topography, grottoes, and waterways.

At the base of Bich Dong, a small stone bridge crosses a lotus pond, which blooms with delicate flowers in the summer. The sight of the pagoda reflecting off the still waters, framed by the jagged cliffs, creates a scene of extraordinary beauty. This view is often considered one of the most iconic images of Ninh Binh, and it provides a moment of calm reflection before beginning the ascent to the pagoda.

The surrounding landscape is equally enchanting, with lush green rice paddies stretching as far as the eye can see. The dramatic contrast between the bright greenery of the fields and the imposing gray cliffs of the limestone mountains creates a surreal, almost otherworldly atmosphere. For nature lovers and photographers, Bich Dong Pagoda offers endless opportunities to capture the harmony between architecture and the natural world.

Spiritual Significance

Bich Dong Pagoda is a place of quiet contemplation and religious devotion. The journey through the three pagodas, moving upward through the mountain, mirrors the spiritual ascent in Buddhism, where one seeks enlightenment through stages of reflection and meditation. Pilgrims come to Bich Dong to pray for peace, prosperity, and health, often lighting incense at the altars to honor the Buddha and other deities.

The Middle Pagoda, carved into the mountain's grotto, is particularly revered for its sense of mystery and seclusion. The cave setting creates an intimate space for meditation, allowing visitors to feel a deeper connection to nature and spirituality. The peaceful surroundings encourage visitors to take their time, offering a rare opportunity for quiet introspection in a world that often moves too fast.

Exploring the Surroundings

Bich Dong Pagoda is located near other popular attractions in Ninh Binh, making it a perfect stop on a day trip through the region. It is just a short distance from the Tam Coc river, where visitors can take boat rides through the famous karst caves, and the ancient capital of Hoa Lu, a historical site with deep cultural significance.

Visitors can also explore the surrounding countryside by bicycle or motorbike, soaking in the rural charm of Ninh Binh. The roads wind through small villages, rice paddies, and rivers, offering a glimpse into traditional Vietnamese life. 

Bich Dong Pagoda is a hidden gem that perfectly captures the essence of Ninh Binh’s natural and spiritual allure. Its harmonious blend of ancient architecture, cave temples, and stunning natural surroundings makes it a destination that leaves a lasting impression on visitors. Whether you come for the serene atmosphere, the historical significance, or the breathtaking views, Bich Dong Pagoda offers a tranquil escape and a deep connection to Vietnam’s spiritual heritage. For those seeking both cultural enrichment and natural beauty, it is an unforgettable stop in Ninh Binh.

Duy Linh